The theory of knowledge Essay Example For Students

The theory of knowledge Essay Here, we are not able to get truth when we interpret what our senses are telling us due to outside influences. In conclusion, we use our senses all the time, whether we are aware of it or not. We can use or senses and gain truth from the data that our senses give us in scientific experiments, and historical events. Furthermore, they are useful during everyday actions and decisions. A person with absent senses uses their remaining and better senses more consciously and actively in order to get to the truth. But contrastingly a mentally ill or healthy person can have their senses intact but read their senses wrongly and truth is then not given. We will write a custom essay on The theory of knowledge specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The societies norms or common truths, can delude our senses of gaining truth, because of misjudgement. So ultimately our senses, hearing, seeing, smelling, tasting and touching are useful at certain contexts at attaining the truth but do not give or withhold truth from us because it is what we make of what our senses that gives us truth. Words: 1569 Bibliography Fitzgerald, Adrial. Unrestricted Yearning: A Compendium of Philosophy Based on the Works of Bernard Lonergan. 6 November 2006. 12 June 2008 http://unrestrictedyearning. blogspot. com/ . IMDb Inc. IMDb- The Internet Movie Database. 2008. 12 June 2008 http://www. imdb. com/title/tt0443274/ . Lonergan, Bernard. Lonergans Theory of the Criteria of Knowing (Epistemology) (Notes from Mr. Fitzgerald). n. d. Trubin, Julian. Following the Path of Discovery. September 2007. 12 June 2008 http://www. juliantrubin. com/bigten/galileofallingbodies. html . 1 Meaning is what we bring our attention to in our conscious- intentional acts. Meaning may be intelligent or unintelligent, reasonable or unreasonable, responsible or irresponsible. 2 Discursive means that we must know everything about the situation to find an answer. 3 Conscious act: an intentional action derived from our own performance where we have put our direct awareness/focus to it. 4 People who listen to soft- core punk that integrates from depressed melodramatic angst-full teens.

How Peer Review Works in the Social Sciences

How Peer Review Works in the Social Sciences Peer review, at least in intent, is the way the editors of academic journals attempt to keep the quality of articles in their publications high, and assure (or attempt to assure) that poor or fallacious research does not get published. The process is tied up with political and economic issues involving tenure and pay scales, in that an academic who participates in the peer review process (whether as author, editor, or reviewer) gets rewarded for that participation in an increase in reputation which can lead to an increase in pay scales, rather than direct payment for services rendered. In other words, none of the people involved in the review process is paid by the journal in question, with the sole exception (maybe) of one or more editorial assistants. The author, editor, and reviewers all do this for the prestige involved in the process; they are generally paid by the university or business that employs them, and in many cases, that pay is contingent upon obtaining publication in peer-reviewed journals. The editorial assistance is generally provided in part by the editors university and in part by the journal. The Review Process The way academic peer review works (at least in the social sciences), is that a scholar writes an article and submits it to a journal for review. The editor reads it over and finds between three and seven other scholars to review it. The reviewers selected to read and comment on the scholars article are chosen by the editor based on their reputations in the specific field of the article, or whether they are mentioned in the bibliography, or if they are personally known to the editor. Sometimes the author of a manuscript suggests some reviewers. Once a list of reviewers is drawn up, the editor removes the name of the author from the manuscript and forwards a copy to the chosen stout hearts. Then time passes, a lot of time, generally, between two weeks and several months. When the reviewers have all returned their comments (made directly on the manuscript or in a separate document), the editor makes a preliminary decision about the manuscript. Is it to be accepted as is? (This is very rare.) Is it to be accepted with modifications? (This is typical.) Is it to be rejected? (This last cases is also fairly rare, depending on the journal.) The editor strips out the identity of the reviewers and sends along the comments and her preliminary decision about the manuscript to the author. If the manuscript was accepted with modifications, it is then up to the author to make changes until the editor is satisfied that the reviewers reservations are met. Eventually, after several rounds of back and forth, the manuscript is published. The period from submission of a manuscript to publication in an academic journal generally takes anywhere from six months to over a year. Problems with Peer Review Problems inherent in the system include the time sink between submission and publication, and the difficulty obtaining reviewers who have the time and inclination to give thoughtful, constructive reviews. Petty jealousies and full blown political differences of opinion are difficult to restrain in a process where no one is made accountable for a specific set of comments on a particular manuscript, and where the author has no ability to correspond directly with her reviewers. However, it must be said that many argue that the anonymity of the blind review process allows a reviewer to freely state what he or she believes about a particular paper without fear of reprisal. The burgeoning of the internet in the first decade of the 21st century has made a huge difference in the way articles are published and made available: the peer review system is often problematic in these journals, for a number of reasons. Open access publishingin which free draft or completed articles are published and made available to anyoneis a wonderful experiment that has had some hitches in getting started. In a 2013 paper in Science, John Bohannen described how he submitted 304 versions of a paper on a bogus wonder drug to open-access journals, over half of which were accepted. Recent Findings In 2001, the journal Behavioral Ecology changed its peer review system from one which identified the author to reviewers (but reviewers remained anonymous) to a completely blind one, in which both author and reviewers are anonymous to one another. In a 2008 paper, Amber Budden and colleagues reported that statistics comparing the articles accepted for publication before and after 2001 indicated that significantly more women have been published in BE since the double-blind process began. Similar ecological journals using single-blind reviews over the same period do not indicate a similar growth in the number of woman-authored articles, leading researchers to believe that the process of double-blind review might assist with the glass ceiling effect. Sources Bohannon J. 2013. Whos afraid of peer review? Science 342:60-65. Budden AE, Tregenza T, Aarssen LW, Koricheva J, Leimu R, and Lortie CJ. 2008. Double-blind review favours increased representation of female authors. Trends in Ecology Evolution 23(1):4-6. Carver M. 2007. Archaeology journals, academics and open access. European Journal of Archaeology 10(2–3):135–148. Chilidis K. 2008. New knowledge versus consensus – a critical note on their relationship based on the debate concerning the use of barrel-vaults in Macedonian tombs. European Journal of Archaeology 11(1):75–103. Etkin A. 2014. A New Method and Metric to Evaluate the Peer Review Process of Scholarly Journals. Publishing Research Quarterly 30(1):23-38. Gould THP. 2012. The Future of Peer Review: Four Possible Options to Nothingness. Publishing Research Quarterly 28(4):285-293. Vanlandingham SL. 2009. Extraordinary Examples of Deception in Peer Reviewing: Concoction of the Dorenberg Skull Hoax and Related Misconduct. 13th World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics: International Symposium on Peer Reviewing. Orlando, Florida. Vesnic-Alujevic L. 2014. Peer Review and Scientific Publishing in Times of Web 2.0. Publishing Research Quarterly 30(1):39-49. Weiss B. 2014. Opening Access: Publics, Publication, and a Path to Inclusion. Cultural Anthropology 29(1):1-2.

Accounting for Decision Makers -Discussion Question Assignment

Accounting for Decision Makers -Discussion Question - Assignment Example The major weakness of Rio Valley involves low levels of net income. In 2014, the net income was $1,425,000. This is very low when compared to the revenue amounts in 2014 of $5,100,000. The low net income explains that the operating expenses form a huge proportion. The company should thus adopt strategies that ensure financial efficiency. One example entails, adopting production technology that minimizes labor requirements, and thus reduces labor costs like salaries, motivation, retirement, and training expenses. One common size measure utilized in analyzing dollar amounts is the percentage increase in sales, based on 2010 as the base years. The sales level in 2014 is $5,100,000. This sales level illustrates 127.5% increase in the 2010 value of $4,000,000 (Al & Wayne, 2015). 127.5% of $4,000,000 = $5,100,000. El Paso should thus invest in Rio Valley, due to the sales revenue increasing trends. However, adequate strategies must be utilized in minimizing production expenses and also operating

Speech presentation or Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Speech or Presentation Example The purpose of this speech is to enable audience to exactly know about the importance of customers, they hold for any business. After the speech, audience will know basics of why maintaining good relations with customers is important, how customer relationship management can be implemented in brief and how it can benefit an organization. Customers, being the wage payers of employees, are very important for each and every employee of an organization. Especially, people in marketing and sales department should be well aware of their importance. Customers should be treated well, not only when they are making their purchases but also after the time since the post purchase care shown by businesses towards their customers is an important tool to attract customers for being loyal with the organization and repeat their purchase. Existing or Old customers hold key importance for businesses. Studies have proved that the most effective area of revenue generation for businesses is to attract existing customers. But even then most businesses think that once a customer has made the purchase, he or she is bonded with the organization which ultimately results in to the loss of customer base and number of clients or customers for an organization starts shrinking. Customers are very sensitive to organization's behavior with them. There can be many reasons a customer may feel bad about an organization and wishes not to repeat his or her purchase with the organization. They might think that the organization is no more fair or justified with its offering, or organization is unconcerned with the issues and problems they had from their previous purchase, or a competitor of their previous seller has offered a better product or service. Customers, if find an organization trustworthy, are very eager to repeat their purchase with this organization since it reduces their time for decision making their purchase. They had an experience with the organization's product or service and they are confident and satisfied with the organization's offering; these things provide them an ease of mind in their purchase decisions which ultimately transform into repeat purchases. It is always feasible for an organization to work for attracting its existing customers since: "Repeat customers spend 33% more than new customers. Referrals among repeat customers are 107% greater than non-customers. It costs six times more to sell something to a prospect than to sell that same thing to a customer (Laura Lake, 2007)". Before implementing customer relationship management in an organization, management should know, "what is the actual problem with the existing handling of customers that initiated the need for customer relationship management" (Management-crm, 2007) "Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is a process companies use to understand their customer

Foreign Intelligence Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Foreign Intelligence Organization - Essay Example In the past, these countries focused their efforts on getting intelligence concerning the United States Military capabilities, as well as military research and development activities. Today, these nations also collect technical, scientific, proprietary and economic information. The information collected is aimed at promoting the national welfare of these nations and also acquiring and maintaining highly developed military systems. These countries have the ability of collecting U.S. intelligence information using Human Intelligence (HUMINT), Signal Intelligence (SIGINT), and by analyzing open source material.1 Other countries also have the ability to collect imagery products that can be used to collect Image Intelligence (IMINT). It is essential to note that only the Russian Federation gathers space-borne intelligence. 1The People’s Republic of China also has this ability though to a rather limited extent. Therefore, Russia remains to be the nation that poses the most significa nt intelligence collection threat to the U.S. Russia has immense intelligence capability that was inherited from former Soviet Union. A large proportion of Russia’s intelligence collection infrastructure is focused on collecting information relating to the U.S. The Russian Federation uses SIGINT, HUMINT, IMINT, MASINT, and open source analysis. This is used to develop intelligence products for military planners and Russian political leaders. According to the federal Bureau of Investigation, Russian intelligence operations have increased in sophistication, scope, and number.2 They are likely to remain at this high level for the near future. The bodies legally responsible for foreign intelligence functions in Russia include the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR), the Main Intelligence Directorate of General Staff (GRU) and the Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information (FAPSI). SVR mainly collects scientific, political, technical and economic informati on. Majority of case officers working for SVR operate from Russian Embassies and consulates under diplomatic cover. Though alleged that SVR personnel have been reduced by 30%, active collection operations continue, and suspicion that SVR influences operations, and conduct propaganda is rife.2 The GRU mainly provides strategic and tactical intelligence for the Russian Military.2 They collect warning intelligence, important information on military capabilities of likely adversaries, and data on superior military technologies. Their collection techniques include HUMINT, both overt and clandestine, open sources, satellite imagery reconnaissance, SIGINT from ships, ground stations aircrafts and satellites. Collection activities that significantly threaten U.S interests are those under the Space Intelligence Directorate and First Deputy Chief.3 The Space Intelligence Directorate, in conjunction with the Fleet Intelligence Direction, manages Russia’s space reconnaissance program. Th e SDI operates many research institutes, its own cosmodromes, and a centralized computer processing facility. FAPSI’s main role is communications security for Russia.2 Russia continues to place emphasis on HUMINT.3 This is because of the information they gathered from the past. It is

Supply and Demand Analysis for the Notebook

Supply and Demand Analysis for the Notebook Introduction Of Supply And Demand In The World Supply and demand is perhaps one of the most fundamental concepts of economics, which is the backbone of a market economy. Demand refers to the number of products or services (quantity) needed by the buyer. The quantity demanded is the amounts of a product are willing to buy at a certain price. Nowadays there are many types of notebook that can be found in the market such as Acer, Dell, Lenovo and so forth. Whether it is for personal or business’s use, there are plenty of choices that customer can choose. Also, they can make choices by referring on the design, price and specifications of the notebooks which provided to them. The demand for notebook will increase but the quantity supply still constant due to the process of research and development (RD) for notebook and tablet. Although they speculate that notebook will be replaced by tablet but they still need to maintain their business by selling notebook. Graph Of Supply And Demand Of Notebook In The World Diagram 1 Diagram 1 shows a graph for the notebook’s demand increases and supply remains constant in Malaysia. Thus, the price and quantity demanded of the goods are increased when the demand is increased but the supply is still constant. Reason Of Demand Increase Supply Constant On Notebook In The world According to NPD Display Search in Quarterly Mobile PC Shipment and Forecast Report, it states that Tablets will edge out notebooks in global shipments this year. Tablet PC shipments are expected to more than 240 million, while shipments of laptops will reach about 207 million. This is the first time, Tablet PC will more than 50% of the annual market share this year, increase from around 38 percent last year and 26 percent in 2011. The graph refers to Appendix 1. Based on the statistic the emerging and mature market for notebook and tablet, the tablet shipment will ride 64 percent to 2013 from 2012. Thus, both research groups NPD and DIC have been carried out on the process of Research and Development (RD). It is because they want to know the consumer reaction on the notebook and tablet in related market. Tablet has been observed in the market which the situation of demand increases and supply constant will be happened relate the notebook. Although they speculate that notebook will be replaced by tablet at any time but they have still need to maintain their business by selling notebook. Besides that, the supply of the notebook will be remaining constant because it is easy to stock clearance through the process of Research and Development (RD). The way they are using in notebook’s stock clearance by using the promotional strategy. For example, supplier or seller can promote their notebook either gives a cheaper price to the customer who wants to purchase or give the promotion such as buy 1 free 2 to attract the customer to purchase through in Information Technology (IT) fair. Conclusion of Supply And Demand In The World Notebook is a technology that will bring convenience to customer and business user. But with the development technology nowadays, the notebook become less of demanded it is because the tablet will substitute the laptop. Thus, both research groups NPD and DIC have been carried out on the process of Research and Development (RD) to know the consumer reaction on the notebook and tablet in related market. In conclusion, the supplier of notebook can produce a new function for notebook to attract consumer to purchase and do not be replaced by tablet. It also to avoid the demanded quantity of notebook will decrease. Introduction Of Substitute Effect Substitution effect is the change in the quantity of that good consumed when the budget constraints reflect the new amount of prices, but keep the original agent indifference curve. Consumers are always spending on higher-priced goods to lower-priced ones as they tried to maintain their living standard when facing inflation. The product is considered as a substitute good in a certain period where if the price of coffee is increased, people will go for tea and vice versa. According to Geoff Riley, he said that the substitute goods such as coffee, an increase in the price of coffee will lead to an increase in demand for the tea. Thus, the cross price elasticity for two substitutes will be positive. Some of the consumers will replace to another similar good such as coffee being substituted with tea due to their salary income still constant. Besides that, they also can replace to cheaper price in coffee when they want to drink coffee such as Starbucks Coffee will be replaced to Mc Cafà ©. Substitute Good For Coffee And Tea The price of the coffee increase, there are two effects that are left behind which are the income effect where people will feel as if they are no longer can able to afford a particular good, because their monthly income and also the substitution effect where a person will replace to another similar good such as coffee being substituted with tea. According to Geoff Riley  showed that the substitute goods such as coffee, an increase in the price of coffee will lead to an increase in demand for the tea. Thus, the cross price elasticity for two substitutes will be positive. Some consumer will replace to another similar good such as coffee being substituted with tea it is because the price of coffee is higher than tea. Thus, consumers are wanted to maintain their income. According to Indexmundi show that the comparison in between the rate of change in the price of Tea and the rate of change in the price of Coffee, Other Mild Arabicas. The report refers to Appendix 2. If the price of coffee increases, the price of the tea will decrease. Thus, the demand of the tea will increase. Otherwise, consumer can replace to cheaper coffee when they want to drink coffee such as Starbucks Coffee will be replaced into Mc Cafà ©. JILL KRASNY (2012) has proposed that â€Å"McDonald’s introduced the McCafà © Cherry Berry Chiller ($2.89 for a 16-ounce cup) and McCafà © Frappà © Chocolate Chip ($3.99 for a 16-ounce). Starbucks’ Frappuccino is more expensive ($5.45 for a 16-ounce cup) than McDonald’s version.† However, the price of the coffee increases but there are some consumers still continue to drink coffee in their daily life although their income remain the same. Thus, they will consume the quantity of drinking coffee in everyday. For example, before the price of coffee increase consumer have to drink coffee everyday but when the price of coffee increase consumers will reduce consume at least 2 to 3cups per day. Conclusion Of Substitute Effect Coffee and tea is a type of beverage that people always drink in everyday. The tea will be substituted by coffee it is because the price of the coffee is increases. Thus, the consumer will change to drink tea or their drink another brand of coffee to maintain their income. The graph of relationship between substitute goods such as coffee, the price of coffee increase will influence the demanded for the tea will increase. Thus, the demanded quantity of tea increases, the price of tea is decreased. In conclusion, some consumer will change to drink tea when the price of coffee is increased and some consumer still will drink coffee although the price of coffee is increased. Thus, consumer will consume their quantity of drink coffee to maintain their income and living standard.

The Human Genome Project :: essays research papers fc

The Human Genome Project The human genome project is a worldwide research effort with the goal of analyzing the structure of human DNA and determining the location of the estimated 100,000 human genes. The DNA of a set of model organisms is studied to provide the information necessary for understanding the functioning of the human genome. The information gathered by the human genome project is expected to be the source book for biomedical science in the 2lst Century and is of great value to the field of medicine. The scientific products of the human genome project will include a resource of genomic maps and DNA sequence information that will provide detailed information about the structure, organization, and characteristics of human DNA, information that constitutes the basic set of inherited â€Å"instructions† for the development and functioning of a human being. There are many benefits that can be gained from the human genome project; however, the project brings about much controversy in areas of e mployment, insurance, and social issues. Is genetic engineering a leap into the future or a leap toward destruction?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The issues surrounding this project need to be scrutinized not only by the scientists working on the project, but also by lawmakers and the public in general. One of the major facts that people need to understand is the appearance of a gene does not predict the way a trait will be expressed physically. Looking into the future, lots of situations can arise from the availability of genetic testing. Some people may want to know if they are carriers of certain genes in order to make informed decisions about such personal matters as lifestyle, marriage, and childbearing. On the other hand, some may prefer to live their lives without knowing. Having such specific knowledge about our health, there is going to be many people who want to use the testing for the benefit of their companies and even society. A new understanding of parts of the human genome may result in discrimination based on a person’s genetic predisposition. Also, insurance companies may require people to submit to a genetic test before they could be covered. If the person applying is found to be unfit, it could go on his or her insurance â€Å"medical report†, such as a â€Å"credit report†, which would blacklist that person from ever getting coverage. Never mind the fact that genetic screening opens up the possibility of identifying a class of people that may become regarded as socially undesirable.

Gatsby Expository Paragraph

His love for Daisy took him far out of reality and turned him into a temporary zombie. The imagery of foul dust floating shows that Gatsby love for Daisy is a parasite in his mind and t hat the dust is pointless, like his love for Daisy. Daisy truly takes Gatsby away from his current t state of mind, when he thinks of her that's all he can focus on. Also, after Gatsby has given N kick and Daisy a tour of his house, he describes Gatsby)ads doubtful expression and how that eve en â€Å"Daisy tumbled short of his dreams† (95).This shows that Gatsby idea of Daisy maybe even more powerful than the reality of the situation. Having committed so much time to Daisy, any thing that â€Å"falls short† of his perfect outcome with her will let hurt him very emotionally in a b ad place. This shows how Gatsby visions of Daisy take him out of reality and make his dread ms unachievable. When Gatsby is thinking about Daisy, he is taken out of reality because his ex peculations of this ex traordinary life with her are not realistic.Right after Gatsby party when In k describes Gatsby as reminiscent and â€Å"talked a lot about the past† and that â€Å"he wanted t o recover something, some idea of himself perhaps, that had gone into loving Daisy/' (1 1 0). This goes back to how unachievable something in the past is, it was already over and cannot be changed. Also, Gatsby/s idealism is taking him away from reality and its implying that part of Gatsby past has been wasted on an unrealistic situation of Daisy and Gatsby being together, w hen Daisy already was with Tom.

Indigo Girls essays

Indigo Girls essays Im trying to tell you something about my life maybe give me insight between black and white and the best thing you've ever done for me is to help me take my life less seriously well darkness has a hunger that's insatiable and lightness has a call that's hard to hear I wrap my fear around me like a blanket I sailed my ship of safety till I sank it I went to the doctor, I went to the mountains I looked to the children, I drank from the fountains there's more than one answer to these questions and the less I seek my source for some definitive and I went to see the doctor of philosophy with a poster of rasputin and a beard down to his knee he never did marry or see a b-grade movie he graded my performance, he said he could see through me I spent four years prostrate to the higher mind I went to the doctor, I went to the mountains I looked to the children, I drank from the fountains there's more than one answer to these questions the less I seek my source for some definitive to seek solace in a bottle or possibly a friend and I woke up with a headache like my head against a board twice as cloudy as Id been the night before I went to the doctor, I went to the mountains I looked to the children, I drank from the fountains yeah we go to the doctor, we go to the mountains we look to the children, we drink from the fountains yeah we go to the bible, we go through the workout we read up on revival and we stand up for the lookout there's more than one answer to these questions ...

Healthcare essay

Healthcare essay Healthcare essay Healthcare essayIn the 21st century, there appeared a number of problems in the health systems around the world, solutions of which are in the plane of information technology. Huge arrays of various data, mainly in paper form, are hardly treatable and analyzed; paper work distracts doctors from performing their basic duties, and therefore reduces the effectiveness of medical care in general. Besides, the lack of information links between medical institutions required a patient to the start medical records in each clinic and diagnostic center, where he was treated. Paper medical records, in addition to everything else, don’t ensure data privacy. All these, as well as the demands of society to improve the quality of health services (especially acutely manifested in countries with prevalence of health insurance), led the most developed countries to the need to integrate modern IT technologies in the health care system (Jepsen,  2010).The most widely used so-called â€Å"electr onic health record† (EHR), are usually implemented on basis of cloud technologies. Electronic medical record (EMR) allows you to transfer all the data into a digital format, after which they are placed on a secure server. Replacing paper to electronic medical records allows the access to patient records by authorized medical personnel, both at a single institution (local access) and at the level of the entire countrys health system (global access). In the latter case, the patient doesn’t need to start medical records in every medical facility, as a cloud EMC is available at the place of requirement (Smyth,  2011).Improvement of information system allows replacing traditional physical registry to email. Judging by the latest data, clouds cope with assigned duties quite well. So, US hospitals, which use EHR, need less time and significantly reduce the time of patients’ stay in the emergency room. This was reported in the study of Associate Professor of the Univer sity of Arizona Michael Furukawa, who studied the impact of IT technology to work of ambulance.There are interesting results of a survey of 3,700 doctors from eight countries, conducted by Accenture. 70.9 % of respondents believe that information technology in medicine improve access to quality data needed to conduct clinical trials; 69.1% see the benefits of health IT in improving coordination of medical care; two-thirds of respondents noted reduction of the number of medical errors (Tompkins,  2013).A positive example of introduction of medical clouds was contagious. In the short term, experts predict that medical facilities will be more willing to turn to the cloud for storage of medical data, the volume of which is growing. There will be gradual acceleration of the transition from local information systems that include one or more medical facilities, to global regional systems of DIRAYA type, which today are not so spread. Just recently, the UK government announced its intent ion to create a global information system by 2015 that allows safe and prompt move and process of information on the countrys health. It is expected that the volume of investments in the health care system will increase. All this suggests that the health system will introduce new information technology, and information system will improve healthcare.

An analysis of the exploitation of innovation within an organisation Assignment

An analysis of the exploitation of innovation within an organisation through a commercially developed SOCIAL NETWORK service - Assignment Example 1-10; Kiron, Palmer, Phillips, & Kruschwitz, 2012, p. 51-60). There is higher acknowledgement of the interactions of people as they are the main platform upon which the business thrives. In particular, software and applications for social networking are easily gaining new use and are increasingly being exploited for commercial gains by both small as well as large enterprises (Baxter and Watson, 2012, p. 1-2). Although criticism has risen in the past that social media are strategically meant for the young generation hence would be partial if applied for business purposes, reality has worked to prove the contra of the argument. One such a company that has adopted the social structure for business and has done extremely well is the IBM Company ("How social networking increases collaboration at IBM", 2010, p. 32-35). This paper therefore intends to carry out an intensive analysis of IBM company exploitation of social network services for business gains. The report will have four main par ts, which are organizational learning approach, social media development, knowledge management features and the extent of subsequent innovation within the IBM Company. Traudt and Vancil (2011, p. 1-13) in investigating the IBM story concerning adoption and use of social software and applications for compared the rates and levels of deployment of the software within trading organizations and found out that the process was easily gaining momentum within many organizations. Organizations, which had already adopted the technologies, recorded realizing higher returns in productivity as well as realizing higher savings in time. However, it is to be noted that installation of social software serves as an enabler for transformation of a business into a social business unlike as otherwise would be thought as the actual social business. Commitment, time as well as effort in transforming a business into a social business

Export Management Task Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Export Management Task - Article Example For all of you who are involved in the industry and to those of you who have had the occasion to become involved on a personal level, You will no doubt agree with me when I say that it is an industry which is predicated on logistics, scheduling, and documents. Moreover, all of the logistics must be arranged far in advance, the scheduling must all come together into one unit at a specific time, and at a specific place, and all of the documentation must be accomplished accurately, and on time, in accordance with previously stipulated agreements. Having said that, I will now present the various components and aspects which comprise the Export Management Task. Export sales contracts can be formal or informal, depending on the foreign buyer. One should be cautioned that any contract which is made quickly and informally when some of the conditions are assumed or left to be clarified later, is a dangerous, ill advised, and not a good practice standard. Of course, most of us are aware of off ers to sell which are presented over the phone, which covers the product to be sold, the quantity, the price per unit, outlining delivery, the terms, and the medium of payment, which is often accepted by the foreign buyer. Also, we are familiar with a call from the buyer, with an offer to buy. offer to buy. 2This type of contract may be preceded by a series of offers and counter offers before the final offer and acceptance. This type of contract remains informal if it is not confirmed in writing. This type of contractural practice is most common and acceptable between branches of the same company, or between long standing trade partners, or between very reputable companies who trade in commodities which are prone to rapid changes in prices. It is my caution to you, that unless one of the three above-mentioned conditions are characteristic of your transaction, then this informal mode, should not be your practice. The most assured way to a void any and all misunderstandings, is to get the buyer to agree to the use of what is commonly referred to as General Standard Conditions. "These are standardized contract terms that permit the parties to refer to a pre- established set of rules that can be incorporated into the contract"(SIT). If you elect to choose this standardized proforma, then you must by all means, become keenly familiar with the contents, because once the generalized Standard Conditions have been adopted, they are legally binding whether or not both parties are aware of and understand every provision"(SIT) According to the Secrets in International Trade, an offer to sell may also be made via telex, courier, air mail, cable, facsimile and today even via e-mail. The exporter confirms the terms and stipulations of the sale via a proforma invoice: the proforma invoice will detail the entire order, The type of shipment ( i.e., f.o.b. Plymouth) quantity, type of item, unit cost, and total cost. As an addendum one might also include certain terms such as the name and address of the preferred bank, and the preferred shipping3 date. Upon receipt of the proforma invoice, the buyer will confirm his acceptance by